Using chemically modified <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> as an efficient and low-cost biosorbent for removing Congo red from aqueous solutions

The powder of Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves (OtLP) was modified by ZnCl2, H2C2O4, or CuS. powders were characterized and applied as adsorbents for the first time to adsorb Congo red (CR). effects most potent experimental variables on CR adsorption chosen adsorbent examined. Kinetic, isotherm, thermodynamic constants investigated. best discovered be ZnCl2 CuS, which removed 97.82% had a pore size 1349.0 Å, volume 2.1211 cm³.g−1, 281.16 m2.g−1 surface area. This followed models second order Langmuir its kinetics isotherms, respectively. Thermodynamic analyses proved that this is both heat-absorbing spontaneous. high uptake capacities (625.000, 714.286, 769.231 mg.g−1) obtained in study prove will gain significant attention field water decontamination.